Wednesday, January 4, 2012

CHENANGO CANAL BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE

Donald A. Windsor

The Chenango Canal extended for 97 miles between Utica and Binghamton.  It operated from 1837 through 1878.  Its summit was at Bouckville, 706 feet higher than Utica and 300 feet higher than Binghamton.  The Canal had 116 locks; its summit was between locks 76 and 77.  Chenango County contains locks 84 through 105.

I made the following three drawings for my presentation to the Bullthistle Hikers on Tuesday 3 January 2012.  Data for them were taken from:
McFee, Michele A.  Limestone Locks and Overgrowth.  The Rise and Descent of the Chenango Canal.  Fleischmanns, NY: Purple Mountain Press.  1993.  240 pages.



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Tuesday, January 3, 2012

2011 WAS A WET YEAR

Donald A. Windsor

2011 was a wet year, very wet I thought.  But how wet?  On January 1, 2011, I started logging whether or not any precipitation fell during the 24-hour day.  I continued every day throughout the year and am still faithfully keeping track.

For 2011, we had 190 dry days (52.1%) and 175 wet days (47.9%).  So, in general, we had a wet day for almost every dry day.  Here is a breakdown by month.  Note that 7 months had more dry days and only 4 months had more wet days.

              Dry Days    Wet Days    Most Days
January      13              18             Wet
February    15              13             Dry
March        17              14             Dry
April           12              19            Wet
May            11              20            Wet
June           20               10           Dry
July            21               10           Dry
August       17               14           Dry
September 15               15            -
October      16              15           Dry
November  19              11           Dry
December   14             17            Wet

But, I have no baseline for comparison, so I intend to continue doing this.  My data reflect conditions where I live, in the City of Norwich.

Precipitation is usually reported as inches of rain or snow.  For my purposes, this is inadequate.  I want to know whether the ground or the foliage is wet, or if I leave something outside, will it get wet?  Or more importantly, if I schedule an event, is it liable to be a wet day?  Besides, some plants thrive on being constantly wet; others do not.

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Tuesday, December 6, 2011

DUGOUT CANOE IN OTSEGO LAKE 1894

Donald A. Windsor

A dugout canoe 16 feet long was pulled out of Otsego Lake during the summer of 1894 by George Rathbun of Cooperstown, according to an article in The Norwich Sun of 4 October 1894.  Thanks to Tom Knapp for finding this article.

The canoe was down 50 feet underwater and was pulled up in a seine.  It bore the marks of the blunt instrument used to dig out the hull.  The location was between Hutters Island and Mount Wellington, directly in front of Hyde Hall.  Hyde Hall is on the northern shore of Otsego Lake, just northwest of Glimmerglass State Park.

Note that the length approximates the 17 feet of our Dave Walker canoe, posting of 16 August 2011 on this blog.

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Thursday, November 17, 2011

LOCAL THISTLES

Donald A. Windsor

Four thistle species live in Chenango County.  Ranked in order of the most common to the least, they are:  Canada, Bull, Pasture, and Welted.  Note that, of the four, only the Pasture Thistle is listed as native by this authoritative reference.

Mitchell, Richard S. ; Tucker, Gordon C.  Revised Checklist of New York State Plants.  Albany, NY: New York State Museum.  1997.  400 pages.  The exact page numbers appear in [] below.
 Canada Thistle  Cirsium arvense  Alien  [242]




Bull Thistle  Cirsium vulgare  Alien  [242]

 




Pasture Thistle  Cirsium pumilum  Native  [242]







Welted Thistle  Carduus crispus  Alien  [240]






We also have Sow Thistles, which are not true thistles. 
Here is the Spiny-leaved Sowthistle  Sonchus asper  Alien  [264]




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Wednesday, November 16, 2011

Stone Pile Site Discovered in Smithville

Donald A. Windsor

A most amazing stone pile site was discovered by New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC) foresters, Andrew Goeller and Christopher Sprague, in August 2011.  The site is on state land, west of the Ludlow Creek, in the Town of Smithville in Chenango County, New York.

This site is about a mile from two other sites and about three miles from another.
Here are three photos taken by me on Sunday 6 November 2011.





 




On our hike Sunday 6 November 2011, we counted 17 stone piles in a zigzag line.  On our hike Sunday 13 November 2011, we counted an additional 6 piles about a quarter mile from the 17, for a total of 23 stone piles.  There may be more.  Some smaller and disheveled piles may be buried under leaves and may have been missed.   This high number ranks up with the site in Afton, which has about three dozen piles and the site in Masonville which has about two dozen.

More investigation is intended for this winter, after the hunting gun season.

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Thursday, November 10, 2011

Earliest Documentation of Tomatoes Grown in Chenango County

Donald A. Windsor

Tomatoes are native to South America, in the Andes of Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador.  They were introduced to Europe in the 1500s and to North America via Europe, probably in the 1700s (1, 2).  Although Hedrick claims that the Indians had been growing tomatoes (3). 

After reading Diame Hamblin's book on historical recipes from Chenango County, Made Nine Pies, I noticed that no recipes included tomatoes prior to the Civil War (1861-65) (4).  In my article, "Tomato Time", I sent out a plea for anyone with earlier documentation to notify me (5).

Dale C. Storms, former County Historian, found such a reference in the diary of Henry Van Der Lyn.  On July 11, 1839, he wrote:

"Garry put supports by the tomato's." (6).

This single sentence documents that tomatoes were growing here in Oxford in 1839.  Moreover, its matter-of-fact simplicity indicates that they may have been growing here much earlier.  Thomas Jefferson grew tomatoes in Virginia in 1781 (1).

My request still stands.  If anyone can document a date earlier than 1839, please let me know.


1.  Kline, Roger A. ; Becker, Robert F. ; Belluscio, Lynne.  Tomato.  In: The Heirloom Vegetable Garden.  Gardening in the 19th Century.  Ithaca, NY: Cornell Cooperative Extension Information Bulletin 177.  Page 24.  

2.  Mann, Charles C.  Prologue.  In:  1493. Uncovering the New World Columbus Created.  New York, NY:  Alfred A. Knopf. 2011. Pages xiii-xiv.

3.  Hedrick, Ulysses Prentiss.  [Tomatoes]  In: A History of Horticulture in America to 1860.  New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 1950.  Page 22.

4.  Hamblin, Diane, Editor.  "Made Nine Pies".  A Compilation of Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Recipes from the Collection of the Chenango County Historical Society and Private Collections.  Norwich, NY: Chenango County Historical Society.  2004.  52 pages.   

5.  Windsor, Donald A.  Tomato time.  In:  Souvenirs of Yesteryear.  Exploring Chenango County, New York. Norwich, NY: Self published. 2010. Volume 3, pages 45-46. 

6.  Van Der Lyn, Henry.  11 July, 1839.  Diary.  Oxford, NY.  Volume 4, page 240.

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Saturday, October 15, 2011

CONTENTS INDEX to SOUVENIRS OF YESTERYEAR Volumes 1-4

Souvenirs of Yesteryear
Exploring Chenango County, New York
Donald A. Windsor
Volumes 1-4 Combined
CONTENTS INDEX

Readers have urged me to provide a comprehensive index to all four volumes of Souvenirs of Yesteryear.  I am working on one, but in the meantime, here is an index based on the tables of contents in front of each volume.
The first number following ---  is the volume.  The number after the : is the page in that volume.

1491 ---  3: 64
A date still living in infamy ---  4: 86
A salt and battery ---  4: 41
Apple trees ---  2: 14
Apples, rescuing historic ---  3: 8
Arch, natural, local ---  2: 79
Archaeology, farmstead ---  4: 96
Archaeology, half century of local ---  4: 40
Bamboozled by an invasive alien ---  3: 46
Barn, an 1817 ---  2: 44
Barn, tallest in Chenango County? ---  1: 75
Birds, early spring ---  2: 18
Black Bridge ---  4: 34
Black Bridge, the 'other' ---  4: 46
Book, the best about Norwich ---  3: 57
Bottoms up ---  3: 95
Bowman Lake State Park ---  3: 98
Brick crosswalks, those impressive new ---  3: 31
Bridge at Ditch Road, Holmesville ---  1: 32
Brookfield Railroad ---  3: 22
Brookfield trails ---  3: 89
Bullthistle botanist blossomed in Brooklyn ---  4: 55
Bullthistle County ---  3: 37
Burned-over District ---  4: 58
Canada thistle ---  4: 18
Canal Lock 76 ---  4: 56
Canal Lock 88 ---  2: 83
Canal Lock 100 ---  4: 77
Canal water ---  4: 74
Catskill-IthacaTurnpike ---  3: 70
Caves, Indian ---1: 37
Cemetery, an ideal ---  2: 53
Central Valley Railroad ---1: 34
Cheese Factory, Prudy Robbins ---  3: 54
Chenango Forks ---  4: 25
Chenango Hotel ---  3: 80
Chenango Road, The Old ---  4: 13
Chenango to Albany ---  3: 48
Cherry tree, gnarled survivor ---  1: 13
Cheshireville Hotel---  1: 31
Christmas bird count ---  2: 8
Chronological diversity ---  4: 51
Civilian Conservation Corps camp ---  1: 15
Clark, Hiram C. ---  2: 64
Consolidating Chenango County into three towns ---  4: 85
Corner, most significant in Chenango County ---  1: 29
Cornfield, our oldest ---  3: 28
Cortland Street Pool ---  1: 27
County, the new ---  3: 4
Creamery, Fountain Head ---  3: 66
Cycle pathic bikers ---  3: 72
Daffodils, feral ---  2: 30
Dalton Road ---  2: 76
Dams, stone --- 1: 5
Dandelions ---  4: 6
Daphne,catching ---  3: 19
Dates provide bridges to the past ---  4: 65
Dendrochronology ---  3: 25
Deserts of Oxford ---  2: 5
Diaries ---  4: 11
Diaries of Henry Van Der Lyn ---  2: 81
Dug wells, stone-lined ---  3: 10
East German ---  4: 20
Eel weir in the Unadilla River ---  4: 81
Esker quester ---  2: 40
Experimental Forest Station in Smyrna ---  2: 87
Farmstead archaeology ---  4: 96
Fellow traveler ---  4: 83
Finger Lakes Trail ---  1: 95
Fireplace, an old, unique ---  2: 54
Floods, plain fill-osophy of ---  4: 60
Forest Station, Experimental, Smyrna ---  2: 87
Foundation for a lifetime ---  3: 59
Foundations, old stone --- 1: 7
Fountain Head Creamery ---  3: 66
Frenchmans Road ---  1: 21
Frenchmans Road, Noble site on ---  4: 10
Frink Tavern, chronology of  ---  2: 60
Gateway to Perrytown ---  3: 3
Genealogy for non-natives ---  1: 19
General Sullivan, ever in Chenango County? ---  4: 8
Gore, The ---  3: 96
Gorges and waterfalls ---  1: 50
Great Brook Watershed ---  3: 68
Grocery stores ---  3: 83
Grog Hollow Monster ---  3: 39
Grog Hollow Monster, scary encounter with ---  4: 100
Groundhog's Day ---  3: 6
Halfway measures ---  4: 36
Hamlets ---  4: 22
Hatch, Joel, entry into Chenango County ---  3: 11
Highest point in Chenango County ---  1: 56
Hiram C. Clark ---  2: 64
Historical preservation ---  4: 29
Hobo jungles ---  4: 49
Holmesville, Message from namesake ---  2: 89
Hope springs eternal ---  1: 23
Hosea Dimmick house ---  4: 43
House, plant your own ---  1: 85
IBM Glen ---  4: 24
Indian burial grounds? ---  4: 45
Indian mounds ---  3: 17
Inhabitants, earliest of Chenango County ---  2: 47
Iroquoia ---  4: 76
Ithaca-Catskill Turnpike ---  3: 70
Joe Road, Lincklaen ---  1: 44
Joel Hatch's entry into Chenango County ---  3: 11
John Lincklaen's journey from Oxford to Cazenovia ---  2: 28
John Lincklaen's trek north ---  2: 38
Jordan Spreader ---  4: 93
Junk, old rusty ---  3: 82
Kettlehole bogs ---  3: 35
Kings Settlement road, the old  ---  2: 10
Kopac Pond ---  1: 76
Lakes, largest in Chenango County ---  2: 1
Lazyville, living in had its Merritts ---  4: 1
Line of Property ---  3: 55
Low-Down Wagon Works ---  4: 79
Main, gas, Remembering the ---  1: 47
Manhole covers, personalized ---  4: 32
Maps, database for old ---  1: 83
McDonough Sulfur Springs ---  2: 33
McMoran Knife Factory ---  2: 59
Message from the namesake of Holmesville ---  2: 89
Mill at Plymouth Reservoir ---  1: 17
Montgomery's wards ---  2: 31
Monumental disappointment ---  3: 61
Noble site on Frenchmans Road ---  4: 10
Norwich-Guilford Road, the old  ---  2: 6
Not through a car window ---  4: 63
Notch up on West Hill ---  3: 1
Nuts to New York ---  3: 76
Octagonal silos ---  4: 15
Old & Weary ---  2: 26
Old road between Woods Corners and South New Berlin ---  4: 98
Oneida River ---  3: 78
Otselic Creek became the Otselic River ---  3: 41
Outhouses ---  2: 20
Parallel lines in the river bottom ---  3: 52
Passenger pigeons ---  3: 43
Peak, highest in each town ---  4: 28
Penguin Peak ---  1: 78
Perrytown ---  1: 25
Perrytown, Gateway to ---  3: 3
Perrytown, in Columbus ---  2: 23
Pettis Slope - Pre-World War II ---  2: 3
Pettis Slope monument ---  1: 88
Pharsalia Schoolhouse Number 8 ---  3: 62
Pink Hill, Pitcher ---  1: 39
Plain fill-osophy of floods ---  4: 60
Plank Roads ---  1: 52
Plasterville ---  4: 88
Pool, swimming, Cortland Street ---  1: 27
Population histories of the towns ---  2: 69
Population history of Chenango County ---  2: 67
Post office , oldest in Chenango County ---  4: 31
Pre-World War II boyhood ---  4: 53
Preston Hollow ---  3: 23
Preston's bicentennial ---  3: 87
Prudy Robbins Cheese Factory ---  3: 54
Puckerville Corners ---  1: 42
Puckerville Pullers, ringleader of  ---  2: 56
Quarry, abandoned ---  1: 9
Quarry, Grandfather's ---  1: 41
Racetrack bridge ---  2: 36
Railroad triumphs over canal ---  4: 70
Raking suckers ---  3: 85
Roundhouse hub? ---  1: 11
Ruins, old, the beauty of ---  1: 73
Sailor's monument ---  2: 71
Sanford Tool Factory ---  1: 61
Sangerfield River ---  3: 91
Sawmill, steam, remains of ---  3: 15
Scary encounter with the Grog Hollow Monster ---  4: 100
Schoolhouse Number 8, Pharsalia ---  3: 62
Schoolhouse reunion, one-room ---  1: 65
Schoolhouses, Old ---  1: 54
Settlement spacings ---  4: 38
Shingle Street ---  2: 51
Sidney walking trail ---  4: 68
Silos, octagonal ---  4: 15
Skinner Hill ---  4: 16
Sneaking smokes behind the warehouse ---  2: 46
Solstice, winter ---  2: 85
Spoonful of Velvet ice cream ---  2: 62
Stealth tourism ---  4: 94
Steam sawmill, remains of ---  3: 15
Stone piles of Chenango County ---  1: 1
Stone piles, the mysterious ---  2: 12
Stone walls, reading ---  1: 80
Street signs ---  4: 47
Suckers, raking ---  3: 85
Sugarbush, an old  ---  2: 24
Sulfur Springs revisited ---  2: 41
Sulfur Springs, McDonough ---  2: 33
Sulphur Springs revisited again ---  2: 49
Swamps ---  2: 66
Take it with you. You really can ---  2: 34
The 'Z' word ---  4: 66
The significance of an early trail ---  2: 43
Three score and ten ---  2: 21
Tied to the Great Depression ---  1: 48
Tinker Ridge Road ---  3: 14
Tomato time ---  3: 45
Tornadoes in Chenango ---  1: 68
Tourism, stealth ---  4: 94
Town boundary markers ---  1: 58
Town centers ---  2: 77
Toxic waste dumps ---  2: 74
Tulip trees ---  3: 29
Turnpike, Ithaca-Catskill ---  3: 70
Turntable, railroad junction, East Guilford ---  3: 20
Twenty Towns, original  ---  3: 93
Unadilla River --- 1: 3
Unadilla River, eel weir in ---  4: 81
Uncle Dan's church ---  3: 33
Upperville Falls ---  4: 61
Van Der Lyn, Henry, diaries of ---  2: 81
Velvet ice cream, spoonful of ---  2: 62
Vermont Sufferers ---  4: 4
Wall of Water ---  4: 2
Waterfalls and Gorges ---  1: 50
Wells, dug,  stone-lined ---  3: 10
What do we know? ---  2: 16
Whaupaunaucau State Forest ---  1: 91
Where are we? ---  1: 70
Where do you live? ---  3: 74
White Rock ---  4: 71
White snakeroot ---  3: 50
White Store Falls ---  4: 73
Who lived here and when? ---  4: 91

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